1.chromatic aberration
1.1 Chii chinonzi chromatic aberration
Iko chromatic aberration inokonzerwa nemusiyano mukufambiswa kwezvinhu. Chiedza chechisikigo chinoumbwa nenharaunda yechiedza inooneka ine wavelength kureba kwe390 kusvika 770 nm, uye mamwe ndiwo maratidziro ayo ziso remunhu risingaone. Nekuti zvinhu zvacho zvine ma indices akasiyana erefractive eakasiyana mawavelengths echiedza cheruvara, mwenje wega wega weruvara une nzvimbo yekufungidzira yakasiyana uye magnification, izvo zvinoguma nechromatism yechinzvimbo.
1.2 Ko chromatic aberration inokanganisa sei chimiro chemufananidzo
(1) Nekuda kweakasiyana wavelengths uye refractive index yeakasiyana mavara echiedza, chinhu-poindi haigone kunyatso kutariswa muIMWE akakwana mufananidzo-poindi, saka iyo foto ichave yakasviba.
(2) Zvakare, nekuda kwekukurisa kwakasiyana kwemavara akasiyana, pachava ne "mitsetse yemuraraungu" kumucheto kwechifananidzo.
1.3 Ko chromatic aberration inokanganisa sei 3D modhi
Kana iyo mifananidzo-mapoinzi aine "mitsetse yemuraraungu", ichakanganisa iyo 3D modelling software kuti ienderane neiyo-poindi. Kune chinhu chimwe chete, kufananidzwa kwemavara matatu kunogona kukonzera kukanganisa nekuda kwe "mitsetse yemuraraungu". Kana kukanganisa uku kuchinge kwakakura zvakakwana, kunokonzera "stratification".
1.4 Maitiro ekubvisa sei chromatic aberration
Iko kushandiswa kweakasiyana refractive index uye kwakasiyana kupararira kwegirazi kusanganiswa kunogona kubvisa chromatic aberration. Semuenzaniso, shandisa yakaderera refractive index uye yakaderera dispersion girazi semaconvex lenzi, uye yakakwirira refractive index uye yakakwirira dispersion girazi se concave lenzi.
Lenzi yakasanganiswa yakadai ine hurefu hwefocal kureba pakati pewavelength uye kureba kwakatariswa kureba pamwaranzi marefu nemapfupi emasaisai. Nekugadzirisa spherical curvature yelens, kureba kwechiedza chebhuruu uye tsvuku kunogona kuenzana, izvo zvinobvisa chromatic aberration.
Secondary spectrum
Asi chromatic aberration haigone kubviswa zvachose. Mushure mekushandisa lens yakasanganiswa, iyo yasara chromatic aberration inonzi "secondary spectrum". Iyo yakareba kureba kwekutarisa kwelenzi, ndiko kunowedzera kusara kwechromatic aberration. Naizvozvo, pakuongorora kwemuchadenga kunoda kuyerwa kwepamusoro-chaiyo, yechipiri spectrum haigone kufuratirwa.
Mune dzidziso, kana bhendi rechiedza rinogona kukamurwa kuita bhuruu-girinhi uye girini-tsvuku mativi, uye achromatic matekiniki akaiswa kune aya maviri mapindiro, yechipiri spectrum inogona kubviswa. Zvisinei, zvakaratidzwa nekuverenga kuti kana achromatic yechiedza chegirini uye chiedza chitsvuku, chromatic aberration yechiedza chebhuruu inova yakakura; kana achromatic yechiedza chebhuruu uye chiedza chegirini, chromatic aberration yemwenje tsvuku inova yakakura. Zvinoita sekuti iri idambudziko rakaoma uye harina mhinduro, iyo yakasindimara yechipiri spectrum haigone kubviswa zvachose.
Apochromatic（APO）tech
Sezvineiwo, maverengero edzidziso awana nzira yeAPO, inova yekutsvaga yakakosha lens material ine hama yekupararira kweblue mwenje kune tsvuku mwenje yakadzikira uye iyo yeblue mwenje kune yegirini mwenje wakakwira zvakanyanya.
Fluorite chinhu chakakosha zvakadaro, kupararira kwayo kwakadzikira, uye chikamu chekupararira kuri pedyo nemagirazi akawanda emaziso. Fluorite ine yakaderera refractive indekisi, inonyungudika zvishoma mumvura, uye ine hurombo hwekuita-kugona uye kugadzikana kwekemikari, asi nekuda kweakanakisa achromatic maitiro, inova yakakosha optical material.
Kune mashoma mashoma akachena akawanda fluorite anogona kushandiswa kune optical zvinhu muzvisikwa, zvakabatanidzwa nemutengo wavo wepamusoro uye kuomerwa mukugadzirisa, fluorite lenses ave akafanana neakakwira-magumo lenzi. Vakasiyana-siyana lens Vagadziri havana kumboedza kuedza kutsvaga zvinotsiva fluorite. Fluorine-korona girazi ndeimwe yacho, uye AD girazi, ED girazi uye UD girazi ndizvo zvinotsiva.
Rainpoo oblique makamera anoshandisa yakaderera kupararira ED girazi sekamera lenzi kuita aberration uye kukanganisa kuve kudiki kwazvo. Kwete chete inoderedza mukana we stratification, asiwo iyo 3D modhi maitiro yakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya, iyo inovandudza zvakanyanya mhedzisiro yemakona ekuvaka uye facade.
2, Kukanganisa
2.1 Chii chinonzi distortion
Lens distortion ishoko rakajairika rekukanganisa kwemaonero, ndiko kuti, kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nemaonero. Rudzi urwu rwekukanganisa ruchava nepesvedzero yakaipa kwazvo pakururama kwefotogrammetry. Mushure mezvose, chinangwa chephotogrammetry ndechekubereka, kwete kuwedzeredza, saka zvinodikanwa kuti mapikicha aratidze ruzivo rwechokwadi rwechiyero chezvimiro zvepasi zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.
Asi nekuda kwekuti ichi ndicho chimiro chechimiro chelens (convex lens inoshandura chiedza uye concave lens inoparadzanisa chiedza), hukama hunoratidzirwa mukugadzirwa kwemaziso ndeiyi: tangent mamiriro ekubvisa kukanganisa uye sine mamiriro ekubvisa coma ye diaphragm haigone kugutsikana. panguva imwe chete, saka kukanganisa uye optical chromatic aberration Izvo zvakafanana hazvigone kubviswa zvachose, zvinongovandudzwa.
Mumufananidzo uri pamusoro, pane hukama hwakaenzana pakati peurefu hwemufananidzo uye urefu hwechinhu, uye reshiyo pakati pezviviri ndiko kukura.
Mune yakanakira imaging system, chinhambwe chiri pakati pechinhu ndege nelenzi chinochengetwa chakamisikidzwa, uye kukwidziridzwa kune imwe kukosha, saka pane chete hukama hwakaenzana pakati pemufananidzo nechinhu, hapana kukanganisa zvachose.
Nekudaro, mune chaiyo imaging system, sezvo kutenderera kwe spherical ray ray kuchisiyana nekuwedzera kwekona yemunda, magnification haasisiri enguva dzose pamufananidzo wendege yezviviri zve conjugate zvinhu, ndiko kuti, kukwidziridzwa mumhepo. pakati pechifananidzo uye kukwidziridzwa kwemupendero hazvienderani, chifananidzo chinorasikirwa nekufanana kwayo kune chinhu. Uku kukanganisa kunosvibisa mufananidzo kunonzi distortion.
2.2 Kukanganisa kunokanganisa sei chokwadi
Chekutanga, iko kukanganisa kweAT(Aerial Triangulation) kuchakanganisa kukanganisa kwedense point gore, uye nekudaro iko kukanganisa kweiyo 3D modhi. Naizvozvo, mudzi unoreva square (RMS yeKuramba Kukanganisa) ndechimwe chezviratidzo zvakakosha zvinoratidzira zvine mutsindo yekupedzisira yekumisikidza kurongeka. Nekutarisa kukosha kweRMS, kurongeka kweiyo 3D modhi inogona kungotongwa. Iyo diki iyo RMS kukosha, iyo yakakwirira kurongeka kweiyo modhi.
2.3 Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokanganisa lens kukanganisa
focal urefu
Kazhinji, iyo yakareba kureba kwekutarisa kwe-fixed-focus lens, kudiki ndiko kukanganisa; kupfupika kwehurefu hwepakati, ndiko kuwedzera kukanganiswa. Kunyangwe kukanganiswa kweiyo yekupedzisira-refu yakatarisa kureba lens (tele lens) yatove idiki kwazvo, kutaura zvazviri, kuti titarise kureba kwendege uye mamwe ma paramita, kureba kwelens yeaerial-survey kamera haigone kuve. kureba kudaro.Semuenzaniso, mufananidzo unotevera ndeye Sony 400mm tele lens. Iwe unogona kuona kuti kukanganiswa kwe lens kudiki kwazvo, kunenge kudzorwa mukati me 0.5%. Asi dambudziko nderekuti kana ukashandisa lenzi iyi kuunganidza mapikicha pakugadzirisa kwe1cm, uye urefu hwendege hwatova 820m. let drone kubhururuka panzvimbo iyi hazvigoneki zvachose.
Lens processing
Lens kugadzirisa ndiyo yakanyanya kuomarara uye yakanyanya kurongeka nhanho mune yekugadzira lens maitiro, inosanganisira angangoita masere maitiro. Iyo yekutanga-maitiro inosanganisira nitrate zvinhu-dhiramu kupeta-jecha rakarembera-kuya, uye iyo post-maitiro inotora core-coating-adhesion-ink coating. Iko kurongeka kwekugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa nharaunda inogadzirisa zvakananga kurongeka kwekupedzisira kwema lens optical.
Kuderera kwekugadzirisa kurongeka kune mhedzisiro inouraya pakukanganisa kwekufungidzira, izvo zvinotungamira zvakananga kune kusaenzana kwelens kukanganisa, iyo isingagoni kuverengerwa kana kugadziriswa, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya kurongeka kweiyo 3D modhi.
Kuisa lens
Mufananidzo 1 unoratidza lens tilt panguva yekuisa lens maitiro;
Mufananidzo 2 unoratidza kuti lens haisi concentric panguva yekuisa lens maitiro;
Mufananidzo 3 unoratidza kuiswa kwakarurama.
Muzviitiko zvitatu zviri pamusoro apa, nzira dzekuisa mumakesi maviri ekutanga ese "akaipa" gungano, izvo zvinoparadza iyo yakagadziridzwa chimiro, zvichikonzera matambudziko akasiyana-siyana senge blurry, isina kuenzana skrini uye kupararira. Naizvozvo, kudzora kwakaringana kuchiri kudikanwa panguva yekugadzira uye kusangana.
Lens assembly process
Iyo lens musangano maitiro inoreva maitiro eiyo yakazara lens module uye yekufungidzira sensor. Iwo maparamendi akadai sechinzvimbo cheiyo huru poindi yeinongedzo chinhu uye tangential kukanganisa mune kamera calibration paramita inotsanangura matambudziko anokonzerwa nekukanganisa kwegungano.
Kazhinji, huwandu hudiki hwekukanganisa kwegungano hunogona kushivirirwa (zvechokwadi, kukwirisa kweungano kurongeka, zviri nani). Chero bedzi iyo calibration parameters yakarurama, kukanganisa kwemufananidzo kunogona kuverengwa zvakanyatsonaka, uye ipapo kukanganisa kwemufananidzo kunogona kubviswa. Vibration inogonawo kuita kuti lens ifambe zvishoma uye ikonzerese kuti lens distortion paramita ichinje. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chekare chekuongorora kamera kamera ichida kugadziriswa uye kugadziridzwa zvakare mushure menguva.
2.3 Rainpoo's oblique kamera lenzi
Kaviri Gauβ chimiro
Kutora mafoto oblique kune zvakawanda zvinodikanwa zvelens, kuve diki muhukuru, kureruka muhuremu, kuderera mukukanganiswa kwemufananidzo uye chromatic aberration, yakakwirira mukubereka kwemavara, uye yakakwirira mukugadziriswa. Kana uchigadzira chimiro chelens, lenzi yeRainpoo inoshandisa kaviri Gauβ chimiro, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo:
Chimiro chakakamurwa kuva pamberi pe lens, diaphragm, uye kumashure kwe lens. Kumberi nekumashure kunogona kuita se "symmetrical" nekuremekedza diaphragm. Chimiro chakadaro chinobvumira mamwe echromatic aberrations anogadzirwa kumberi uye kumashure kuti adzima imwe neimwe kunze, saka ine mabhenefiti makuru mukuyeresa uye lens saizi-kutonga munguva yekupedzisira.
Aspheric mirror
Kune oblique kamera yakabatanidzwa nemalenzi mashanu, kana lenzi imwe neimwe yakapetwa kaviri muhuremu, kamera ichayera kashanu; kana lenzi yega yega yakapetwa kaviri pakureba, ipapo oblique kamera ichaita kanenge kaviri muhukuru. Naizvozvo, kana uchigadzira, kuitira kuti uwane yakakwira yemhando yemhando yemifananidzo paunenge uine chokwadi chekuti aberration uye vhoriyamu idiki sezvinobvira, aspheric lenses inofanirwa kushandiswa.
Aspherical lenses inogona kudzokorodza mwenje wakapararira kuburikidza nedenderedzwa repamusoro kudzokera kune yakatarisa, kwete chete inogona kuwana yakakwirira resolution, ita kuti ruvara rwekubereka dhigirii kukwirira, asi zvakare inogona kupedzisa aberration kururamisa nenhamba shoma yemalenzi, kuderedza huwandu hwemalenzi ekugadzira. iyo kamera yakareruka uye idiki.
Kukanganisa kugadzirisa tech
Iko kukanganisa mukugadzirisa kwegungano kuchaita kuti lens tangential distortion iwedzere. Kudzikisa kukanganisa kwegungano iri ndiyo nzira yekukanganisa kugadzirisa. Mufananidzo unotevera unoratidza dhizaini yedhizaini yekukanganisa tangential yelenzi. Kazhinji, kukanganiswa kwekuchinja kune symmetrical neruremekedzo rwezasi kuruboshwe--yepamusoro pekona yekurudyi, zvichiratidza kuti lens ine kutenderera angle perpendicular kune kutungamira, izvo zvinokonzerwa nekukanganisa kwegungano.
Naizvozvo, kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi cheiyo yepamusoro yekufungidzira kurongeka uye mhando, Rainpoo yakaita nhevedzano yekutarisa kwakasimba padhizaini, kugadzirisa uye kusangana:
Muchikamu chekutanga chekugadzira, kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi che coaxiality yekusangana kwelens, sezvinobvira kuve nechokwadi chekuti ndege dzese dzekuisa lens dzinogadziriswa nekubata kumwe;
②Kushandisa kunze kwenyika alloy kushandura maturusi pane yakakwirira-chaiyo lathe kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti machining echokwadi anosvika IT6 level, kunyanya kuve nechokwadi chekuti coaxiality kushivirira i0.01mm;
③Lens yega yega inoshongedzerwa seti yepamusoro-chaiyo tungsten simbi plug geji pane yemukati denderedzwa pamusoro (saizi yega yega ine angangoita 3 akasiyana mazinga ekushivirira), chikamu chega chega chinonyatso ongororwa, uye kushivirira kwenzvimbo sekufanana uye perpendicularity kunoonekwa ne matatu-coordinate yekuyeresa chiridzwa;
④Mushure mekunge lenzi yega yega yagadzirwa, inofanirwa kuongororwa, kusanganisira fungidziro yekugadzirisa uye bvunzo dzechati, uye zviratidzo zvakasiyana senge kugadzirisa uye kubereka kwemavara kwelenzi.
RMS yemalenzi eRainpoo tec
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